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Types of Anxiety Disorders Everyone experiences anxiety and fear at times, but when the feelings are intense or ongoing and interfere with everyday life they may indicate an anxiety disorder. Talk therapy or psychotherapy and medication are effective treatments. First, consult your physician to determine if there are any physical issues that could be causing your symptoms. A psychiatrist or mental health professional will diagnose the type anxiety disorder you suffer from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone experiences anxiety at times and there are many valid reasons to worry about things like job obligations, money, or health. But when the anxieties become constant and take over your life, you could be suffering from a more serious disorder, known as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD sufferers experience anxiety-like feelings that can affect their whole lives and are often difficult to control. They are prone to believe that everything is worst and that minor problems can become major problems. GAD can be a problem for anyone. It typically begins in childhood or adolescence but it can happen at any point. It is twice as common in women and those assigned female at birth as in men. GAD can trigger physical symptoms, like stomachaches and headaches, as well as make it difficult to sleep. It can also hinder work and social activities, cause people to withdraw from families or friends and lead to an eroding of self-esteem. People suffering from chronic and severe GAD are more likely to suffer from depression However, treatment can help manage both disorders. While the specific cause of anxiety disorders is unknown, they appear to be linked to genetics and changes in brain structure that affect how your body responds to stress. Some experts believe that an imbalance in neurotransmitters in the brain plays a part. While there is no cure for GAD however, it can be managed with psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, includes different therapies that help you recognize and alter negative thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy is a type of talk therapy which can help you control your thoughts that are distorted and decrease your fear by engaging them. Certain physical symptoms, such as heart palpitations or dizziness can be relieved by medications. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and some medications that treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine. GAD isn't easy to identify however it is crucial to seek help if you notice worrying and other symptoms of the disorder. Early treatment is more effective, as it allows you to control the anxiety and physical symptoms before they begin to take over your life. Panic disorder This kind of anxiety disorder is characterized by repeated episodes of intense fear and terror that peak within minutes (panic attacks). The disorder can also trigger chest pain, shortness of breath or the feeling that your heart is racing or pounding (heart palpitations). They worry that the symptoms they're experiencing could be signs of a heart attack. People with panic disorder may also be at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, as well as depression and other health problems like hyperthyroidism or asthma. Researchers believe that anxiety disorders are caused by a combination factors. Certain studies suggest that they could be related to faulty circuits in the brain that regulate fear and emotions. Other studies suggest that genetics, life experiences such as childhood abuse, or traumatic events are common causes of anxiety disorders. Many people who have an anxiety disorder have a first-degree relative with the condition. Anxiety disorders can cause people to be constantly anxious, even though they know their fears aren't rational. This can create issues in social settings at work, or at school. Some people with anxiety disorders also have difficulty sleeping or eating well. They may also have muscle tension, irritability and difficulty getting their attention. A person with generalized anxiety disorder is likely to experience a variety of worries about daily tasks, like job responsibilities or family problems. They might also feel anxious, easily fatigued or have difficulty concentrating. They might also worry about their own safety or the safety of others. The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. The treatments include medicine psychotherapy, psychotherapy, and other complementary health methods. A mental health professional can assist you in identifying the condition that is causing your symptoms, and suggest the best treatment. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can help you manage anxiety and lessen anxiety attacks. Several types of psychotherapy are available, including cognitive behavior therapy and exposure response prevention. These treatments can be carried out either in a group or on an individual basis. Social anxiety disorder Although many people feel anxious or shy in certain situations, a social anxiety disorder causes such intense anxiety, fear, and avoidance of social interactions that it interferes with normal life activities. It can appear in the early years of adulthood, but it typically starts in childhood. It is usually manifested as anxiety over specific social situations, such as having a conversation in class or going out on date, but it could be more generalized and include avoidance of any situation that could cause being judged by other people. The person suffering from SAD might realize that their fear is irrational but still feel powerless. They try to manage their symptoms by avoiding situations that trigger anxiety, but this makes them feel even more anxious. They may also adopt “safety behavior” to lessen their anxiety. For example drinking alcohol, stay silent, or avoid eye contact. Some people with SAD may benefit from medication in addition to psychological treatment. Antidepressants can help balance some neurotransmitters within the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It's important that you or someone you love receives treatment when they have social anxiety disorder. Untreated, the condition can be debilitating and lead to other mental health issues like addiction or depression. If you or someone you know has suicidal feelings contact 911, your local crisis line or text TALK (741741) to talk to a crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders are highly treatable, but only about 1 out of four people who require care receive it. Treatment is impeded due to the lack of awareness about anxiety disorders, the lack of investment in mental health services, and stigma. It is essential that your healthcare provider understands the various forms of anxiety disorders, so that you can be properly diagnosed and treated. Ask your doctor to refer to an expert in mental health if you are unsure whether you have an anxiety disorder. You can also utilize an online tool to screen. Specific phobias A person who is afflicted with a particular phobia experiences persistent and intense fear of one or more objects, situations, animals or even other people. These fears may be unrelated to the threat that the object or circumstance, but they cause marked distress and interfere with functioning in everyday life. Particular phobias differ from other anxiety disorders due to the fact that they cause anxiety around only one stimulus, not multiple stimuli. The target of the phobia could be anything from heights to dogs to flying, injections, or even crowds. This is a common occurrence most often in men than women, and can start in adolescence or childhood. People who suffer from specific phobias are aware that their fears are unfounded but this does not diminish the severity of their symptoms. Children who have specific fears typically get over them. However when the fear persists into adulthood, it can be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder based on the symptoms reported and their impact on daily function. They are able to rule out other conditions that can have similar symptoms, such as agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder, before diagnosing the fear. In earlier editions of the DSM adults were required to recognize their irrational fears in the diagnostic process. However the 2013 edition states that this requirement is no longer required for adults. There are two kinds of treatment for particular phobias: cognitive therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on teaching people healthier strategies for coping and altering their response to fear. Exposure-based treatment involves gradual and systematic exposure to the feared object or circumstance. Patients may begin by thinking about the object or event and then move to looking at photos of the subject, taking a step toward it (such as walking by an elevator), holding an imaginary snake, going to a zoo to look at real snakes, and finally taking a ride in an elevator that is crowded. Although this type of therapy does not cure a phobia however it can greatly decrease the severity of its symptoms. Psychotherapy and medications like antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications are also options to treat specific phobias. People with specific phobias who test these therapies often have better results.